Given that they can have substantial social, economic, and political effects on both the sending and receiving countries, immigration laws and practices are frequently the subject of discussion and controversy.

Some claim that immigration can be advantageous, promoting creativity, cultural diversity, and economic prosperity. Others may raise worries about problems like the burden on government resources, the uprooting of local labor, or social or cultural difficulties.

Immigration describes the process of people relocating permanently from one nation to another. Immigration is a complicated legal procedure involving numerous government organizations, rules, and laws that establish who is permitted to enter a nation, how long they may remain, and what rights and obligations they have while they are there.

Obtaining a visa, a document that enables a person to visit a nation for a predetermined period of time and with a predetermined goal, is typically the first step in the immigration process. Depending on the reason for the visitor’s visit—such as tourism, job, study, or family reunification—different types of visas are available.